Gender, National Security, and Counter-Terrorism by
In the name of fighting terrorism, countries have been invaded; wars have been waged; people have been detained, rendered and tortured; and campaigns for "hearts and minds" have been unleashed. Human rights analyses of the counter-terrorism measures implemented in the aftermath of 11 September 2001 have assumed that men suffer the most--both numerically and in terms of the nature of rights violations endured. This assumption has obscured the ways that women, men, and sexual minorities experience counter-terrorism. By integrating gender into a human rights analysis of counter-terrorism--and human rights into a gendered analysis of counter-terrorism--this volume aims to reverse this trend. Through this variegated human rights lens, the authors in this volume identify the spectrum and nature of rights violations arising in the context of gendered counter-terrorism and national security practices. Introduced with a foreword by Martin Scheinin, former UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and Counter-Terrorism, the volume examines a wide range of gendered impacts of counter-terrorism measures that have not been theorized in the leading texts on terrorism, counter-terrorism, national security, and human rights. Gender, National Security and Counter-Terrorism will be of particular interest to scholars and students in the disciplines of Law, Security Studies and Gender Studies.
Generational Interdependencies by
The issue of generational transfers is growing in importance. Populations are ageing, placing an increasing burden on provision of pensions, health care and other welfare services. In many nations the imbalance between a growing, older generation, supported by a shrinking younger generation, has fuelled debates about intergenerational justice. The key argument being that political and institutional developments over the last century have been to the advantage of older generations at the expense of current younger and future generations. But this only addresses half of the story, neglecting the flows of resources, through private, family channels. One key response to the growing fiscal problem of ageing societies has been to focus responsibility on self-funding and familial support. The growth of asset values, particularly housing, which are concentrated among the elderly, underpin such strategies. But this exposes new risks as potentially extractable resources are determined by wider fluctuations in the economy, and housing markets in particular. Clearly, these cohort effects, and responses to them, play out differently in different national developmental settings, depending on long-run patterns of economic, social and demographic change. This collection address these issues and provides original insights across different international contexts. The collection focusses on financial and non-financial transfers, generational interdependencies, and the role of labour and housing markets in welfare support, set against the changing economic landscape following the Great Financial Crisis of 2007. Although institutional and national differences exist the key emerging issues are the same: the financial and welfare challenges of supporting aging in societies; inequalities in the availability of assets across individuals, families and nations; and the extent to which private asset accumulation can support families over the life course. Drawing from examples across European countries, this collection will nonetheless be relevant to researchers and policy makers in other nations addressing the complexities of providing welfare across the life course in the face of restricted financial resources.
International Human Rights and Justice by
From their classical origins in the natural law theory of Greek and Roman philosophers and jurists to natural rights culminating in the American and French revolutions of the late 18th century, contemporary human rights have been universally recognized by the United Nations in the International Bill of Human Rights compromising the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 and the Twin Covenants of 1966. A wide array of special human rights treaties protecting racial and ethnic minorities, women, children and persons with disabilities have now been recognized and are monitored in their implementation by treaty committees, special rapporteurs and the UN Human Rights Council. The human rights expansion process continues. International Human Rights and Justice offers a scholarly and eclectic examination and analysis of topical and indeed controversial human rights, equality and protection issues which confront our world today. The intended audience includes legal scholars and practitioners, human rights advocates and students who wish to increase their knowledge of (and passion for) the human rights field. The contributors include senior university academics and administrators, human rights researchers and policy-makers, philosophers, political scientists, United Nations officials and NGO representatives spanning North America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Australia. They have examined a wide range of human rights applications which evidence their inherent pervasiveness and dynamism in everyday life. These include: The scope of the human right to benefit from scientific progress; Recent undermining of the protective mechanisms of the European Convention on Human Rights (at a time of mass refugee flows into southern Europe); Human rights, well-being and the case for equality in the post-2015 development agenda; Equality of access to justice in American courts as a human right; The protection of the reproductive rights of African women in a cultural context; The potential for United Nations human rights norms and protective mechanisms to advance the constitutional recognition of Australian Aboriginal human rights; Freedom of expression as a fundamental international human right and South African constitutional right; The destruction of the cultural heritage of humanity in armed conflict as a breach of human rights; MNCs, governments and the development of human rights infrastructure post-Washington Consensus; The contribution of cultural practices to ensure greater protection of the human rights of African children; The reindeer herding right in Norway and Sweden as a protected right under the European Convention on Human Rights; Ensuring justice for the accused in criminal proceedings under the European Convention on Human Rights through the delivery of adequate interpretation and translation services.
The Power of Place by
An international outlook on how geography determines the future of individuals.
Women's Rights Are Human Rights by
Attaining equality between women and men and eliminating all forms of discrimination against women are fundamental human rights and United Nations values. Women around the world nevertheless regularly suffer violations of their human rights throughout their life, and realizing women's human rights has not always been prioritized. Achieving equality between women and men requires a comprehensive understanding of the ways in which women experience discrimination and are denied equality so as to develop appropriate strategies to eliminate such discrimination. This publication provides an introduction to women's human rights, beginning with the main provisions in international human rights law and going on to explain particularly relevant concepts for fully understanding women's human rights.
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